UDK 343.45 Преступления против обязанности сохранения тайны
This article reveals the current tourism concept and its features in the Russian legislation, including in dynamics. The discussion constitutional feature of the tourism concept is free time; indeed, in the absence of this feature a traveler can only formally be considered a tourist. Cybertourism can become a partial substitute for real tourism, which will require a more specific legal regulation of the latter. An integrated approach to the definition of the tourism concept is advisable, therefore, the attribution of tourism with economy, sports, youth, culture or other phenomena is correct. The legislator formulated the goals of tourism in an open list; as an unnamed tourism goal, we should talk about a communicative goal. A promising research field is the study of the place and role of cybertourism, as well as subject and limits of the normative fixing of the latter.
turizm, konstitutivnyy priznak, svobodnoe vremya, kompleksnyy podhod
1. Statisticheskiy byulleten' Rosstata k Vsemirnomu dnyu turizma – 2020 // URL: https:// www. rosstat.gov.ru (data obrascheniya: 30.06.2021).
2. Sirik N. V. Dogovor okazaniya turistskih uslug v grazhdanskom prave Rossii: diss. … kand. yurid. nauk. M., 2001. 168 s.
3. Ob osnovah turistskoy deyatel'nosti v Rossiyskoy Federacii: federal'nyy zakon ot 24 noyabrya 1996 goda № 132-FZ (v red. ot 9 marta 2021 g.) // SZ RF. 1996. № 49. St. 5491; 2021. № 11. St. 1710.
4. Birzhakov M. B. Vvedenie v turizm: uchebnik. SPb.: Izdatel'skiy dom Gerda, 2006. 512 s.
5. Netto A. P. What is Tourism? Definitions, Theoretical Phases and Principles // Philosophical Issues in Tourism. Aspects of Tourism / ed. by J. Tribe. Bristol. Buffalo. Toronto: Chanel View Publications, 2009. Pp. 43–61.
6. Vikulova O. N. Kommentariy k Federal'nomu zakonu ot 24 noyabrya 1996 g. № 132-FZ «Ob osnovah turistskoy deyatel'nosti v Rossiyskoy Federacii» (postateynyy) // SPS Garant.
7. Moshnyaga E. V. Klassifikacii turizma. Tipy, vidy i formy turizma // Osnovy turizma / pod red. E. L. Pisarevskogo. M.: Federal'noe agentstvo po turizmu, 2014. S. 19–38.
8. Kuskov A. S., Dzhaladyan Yu. A. Osnovy turizma: uchebnik. M.: KnoRus, 2008. 352 s.
9. Postanovlenie Prezidiuma Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 10 fevralya 1998 g. № 2942/97 // SPS Garant.
10. O svobode sovesti i religioznyh ob'edineniyah: federal'nyy zakon ot 26 sentyabrya 1997 g. № 25-FZ (v red. ot 11 iyunya 2021 g.) // SZ RF. 1997. № 39. St. 4465; RG. 2021. 17 iyunya.
11. O vozmozhnosti napravleniya sotrudnika v komandirovku v statuse turista: pis'mo Ministerstva kul'tury Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 23 oktyabrya 2017 g. № 1042-13-11) // SPS Garant.
12. Trudovoy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii: federal'nyy zakon ot 30 dekabrya 2001 g. № 197-FZ (v red. ot 30 aprelya 2021 g.) // SZ RF. 2002. № 1 (Ch. I). St. 3; 2021. № 18. St. 3053.
13. Shamlikashvili V. A. Virtual'nyy turizm kak novyy vid turizma // Kreativnaya ekonomika. 2014. № 10 (94). S. 128–138.
14. O strukture federal'nyh organov ispolnitel'noy vlasti: ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 17 maya 2000 g. № 867 // SZ RF. 2000. № 21. St. 2168.
15. O ministre sporta, turizma i molodezhnoy politiki Rossiyskoy Federacii: ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 12 maya 2008 g. № 745 // SZ RF. 2008. № 20. St. 2315.
16. O strukture federal'nyh organov ispolnitel'noy vlasti: ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 21 maya 2012 g. № 636 // SZ RF. 2012. № 22. St. 2754.
17. O nekotoryh voprosah sovershenstvovaniya gosudarstvennogo upravleniya v sfere turizma i turistskoy deyatel'nosti: ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 14 sentyabrya 2018 g. № 514 // SZ RF. 2018. № 38. St. 5834.
18. O sovershenstvovanii upravleniya v sfere turizma i turistskoy deyatel'nosti: ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 5 iyunya 2020 g. № 372 // SZ RF. 2020. № 23. St. 3627.
19. Vetitnev A. M., Dzyubina A. V., Torgasheva A. A. Lechebno-ozdorovitel'nyy turizm: voprosy terminologii i tipologii // Vestnik Sochinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta turizma i kurortnogo dela. 2012. № 2 (20). S. 50–56.
20. Bereznickaya N. L. Turizm kak faktor mezhkul'turnoy kommunikacii: diss. … kand. kul'turol. nauk. SPb., 1999. 156 s.
21. Pryadkina L. A., Reps V. F. Kommunikativnaya funkciya turizma: sociokul'turnyy aspekt // Vestnik Adygeyskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 1: Regionovedenie: filosofiya, istoriya, sociologiya, yurisprudenciya, politologiya, kul'turologiya. 2013. № 1 (113). S. 124–131.